The Effect of Flexible Working Arrangements on Work Engagement: The Mediating Role of Work–Home Integration

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effect of Flexible Working Arrangements (FWA) on Work Engagement and investigate the mediating role of Work–Home Integration (WHI) among creative industry employees in Lampung Province.
Research Methodology: This study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected from 100 creative industry employees working in organizations that implement flexible working arrangements. Respondents were selected through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0.
Results: The findings reveal that FWA has a positive and significant effect on Work Engagement and Work–Home Integration. WHI also positively influences Work Engagement. Furthermore, WHI significantly mediates the relationship between FWA and Work Engagement, indicating that employees who successfully integrate work and personal life experience higher levels of engagement under flexible work arrangements.
Conclusions: Flexible working arrangements contribute directly and indirectly to employee work engagement. The effectiveness of FWA is strengthened when employees are able to maintain positive work–home integration, allowing them to balance work responsibilities and personal life more effectively.
Limitations: This study was limited to creative industry employees in Lampung Province and used a cross-sectional design with a relatively small sample size. Therefore, the findings may not be fully generalizable to other industries or geographical contexts.
Contributions: This study extends Job Demands–Resources Theory by highlighting Work–Home Integration as an important mediating mechanism linking flexible work arrangements and work engagement. The findings also provide practical insights for organizations in designing flexible work policies that support employee well-being and engagement.