The Effectiveness of Digital Immigration Inspection at Batam Center Using the All Indonesia Application
Purpose: This study analyzes the legal framework, effectiveness, obstacles, and improvement strategies for immigration inspection at Batam Center Immigration Checkpoint through international arrival reporting using the All Indonesia Application.
Research Methodology: This study employs empirical legal research (socio-legal research) using statutory, conceptual, and empirical approaches. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with immigration officials and officers, direct observation, and document reviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive, interpretative, and evaluative qualitative methods.
Results: The legal framework is based on Law No. 25 of 2009 on Public Services, Presidential Regulation No. 95 of 2018 on Electronic-Based Government Systems, Law No. 6 of 2011 on Immigration, and Article 10 of Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation No. 9 of 2024 concerning electronic arrival cards. However, technical implementation remains limited due to regulatory gaps, including the absence of specific operational regulations, sanction mechanisms, contingency procedures, and data synchronization with the Immigration Inspection Application. The implementation faces challenges such as voluntary completion, server latency, duplicate verification, autogate data verification issues, and low digital literacy among 20–30% of travelers, creating efficiency paradoxes and security blind spots in detecting human trafficking and non-procedural migrant workers.
Conclusions: Improving effectiveness requires administrative engineering through legal substance reform, institutional strengthening, and legal culture development based on Friedman’s Legal System Theory.
Limitations: This study focuses only on Batam Center Immigration Checkpoint with limited qualitative informants.
Contributions: This study contributes to immigration and administrative law studies and provides policy recommendations for adaptive digital immigration services.
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