Transparency and Accountability in Financial Reporting from the Perspective of Agency Theory

Purpose: This study aims to analyze financial reporting practices at PT Trufindo Asta Mandiri from the perspective of Agency Theory, identify challenges in the reporting process, and examine efforts to strengthen transparency and accountability in financial reporting. 
Research Methodology: This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving nine purposively selected informants from financial, managerial, and operational units. Data validity was ensured through source, technique, and time triangulation, as well as member checking. Data were analyzed through data reduction, presentation, conclusion drawing, and verification.
Results: The findings indicate that financial reporting functions as an accountability mechanism through authority delegation, transaction recording, document verification, hierarchical approval, and internal supervision. However, delays in supporting document submission, dependence on operational information, and differences in departmental priorities may create information asymmetry and reduce reporting efficiency.
Conclusions: Financial reporting practices support transparency and accountability by providing reliable information for management evaluation and resource oversight. Strengthening reporting procedures and coordination is essential to maintain information reliability. 
Limitations: This study is limited to a single non-public company with a small number of informants, which restricts broader generalization. 
Contributions: This study contributes to financial reporting literature by providing qualitative insights into how Agency Theory explains transparency, accountability mechanisms, and information asymmetry within organizational reporting practices.